[Oisf-users] Suricata IPS using iptables with NFQUEUE and nfq_set_mark questions

Dominic Ruggiero dominic1011 at gmail.com
Mon May 22 18:46:49 UTC 2017


Thanks to all who have been participating in the recent threads about
Suricata Repeat Mode for your expertise!

Suricata is now running on my hosts in Repeat Mode with no packet
errors in suricata.log.

 - LXTerminal commands:

sudo iptables -I INPUT -m mark ! --mark 1/1 -j NFQUEUE
sudo iptables -I OUTPUT -m mark ! --mark 1/1 -j NFQUEUE
sudo suricata -c /etc/suricata/suricata.yaml -q 0

 - Relevant suricata.log output (note the Errors 0!):

(RX-Q0) Treated: Pkts 33144, Bytes 13638158, Errors 0
(RX-Q0) Verdict: Accepted 33133, Dropped 10, Replaced 0

 - sudo iptables -vnL --line-numbers:

Chain INPUT (policy DROP 0 packets, 0 bytes)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination
1     2980 1405K NFQUEUE    all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            mark match ! 0x1/0x1 NFQUEUE num 0
2     4344 1516K ufw-before-logging-input  all  --  *      *
0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0
3     4344 1516K ufw-before-input  all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
         0.0.0.0/0
4        0     0 ufw-after-input  all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
        0.0.0.0/0
5        0     0 ufw-after-logging-input  all  --  *      *
0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0
6        0     0 ufw-reject-input  all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
         0.0.0.0/0
7        0     0 ufw-track-input  all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
        0.0.0.0/0

Chain FORWARD (policy DROP 0 packets, 0 bytes)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination
1        0     0 ufw-before-logging-forward  all  --  *      *
0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0
2        0     0 ufw-before-forward  all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
           0.0.0.0/0
3        0     0 ufw-after-forward  all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
          0.0.0.0/0
4        0     0 ufw-after-logging-forward  all  --  *      *
0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0
5        0     0 ufw-reject-forward  all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
           0.0.0.0/0
6        0     0 ufw-track-forward  all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
          0.0.0.0/0

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 5 packets, 200 bytes)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination
1     2895  806K NFQUEUE    all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            mark match ! 0x1/0x1 NFQUEUE num 0
2     3909  887K ufw-before-logging-output  all  --  *      *
0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0
3     3909  887K ufw-before-output  all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
          0.0.0.0/0
4       97  8448 ufw-after-output  all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
         0.0.0.0/0
5       97  8448 ufw-after-logging-output  all  --  *      *
0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0
6       97  8448 ufw-reject-output  all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
          0.0.0.0/0
7       97  8448 ufw-track-output  all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
         0.0.0.0/0

Chain ufw-after-forward (1 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination

Chain ufw-after-input (1 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination
1        0     0 ufw-skip-to-policy-input  udp  --  *      *
0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            udp dpt:137
2        0     0 ufw-skip-to-policy-input  udp  --  *      *
0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            udp dpt:138
3        0     0 ufw-skip-to-policy-input  tcp  --  *      *
0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            tcp dpt:139
4        0     0 ufw-skip-to-policy-input  tcp  --  *      *
0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            tcp dpt:445
5        0     0 ufw-skip-to-policy-input  udp  --  *      *
0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            udp dpt:67
6        0     0 ufw-skip-to-policy-input  udp  --  *      *
0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            udp dpt:68
7        0     0 ufw-skip-to-policy-input  all  --  *      *
0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            ADDRTYPE match dst-type
BROADCAST

Chain ufw-after-logging-forward (1 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination
1        0     0 LOG        all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            limit: avg 3/min burst 10 LOG flags 0 level 4
prefix "[UFW BLOCK] "

Chain ufw-after-logging-input (1 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination
1        0     0 LOG        all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            limit: avg 3/min burst 10 LOG flags 0 level 4
prefix "[UFW BLOCK] "

Chain ufw-after-logging-output (1 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination

Chain ufw-after-output (1 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination

Chain ufw-before-forward (1 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination
1        0     0 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED
2        0     0 ACCEPT     icmp --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            icmptype 3
3        0     0 ACCEPT     icmp --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            icmptype 4
4        0     0 ACCEPT     icmp --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            icmptype 11
5        0     0 ACCEPT     icmp --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            icmptype 12
6        0     0 ACCEPT     icmp --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            icmptype 8
7        0     0 ufw-user-forward  all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
         0.0.0.0/0

Chain ufw-before-input (1 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination
1     1334  107K ACCEPT     all  --  lo     *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0
2     2973 1404K ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED
3        0     0 ufw-logging-deny  all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
         0.0.0.0/0            ctstate INVALID
4        0     0 DROP       all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            ctstate INVALID
5        0     0 ACCEPT     icmp --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            icmptype 3
6        0     0 ACCEPT     icmp --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            icmptype 4
7        0     0 ACCEPT     icmp --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            icmptype 11
8        0     0 ACCEPT     icmp --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            icmptype 12
9        0     0 ACCEPT     icmp --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            icmptype 8
10       0     0 ACCEPT     udp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            udp spt:67 dpt:68
11      37  4877 ufw-not-local  all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
      0.0.0.0/0
12      37  4877 ACCEPT     udp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  224.0.0.251          udp dpt:5353
13       0     0 ACCEPT     udp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  239.255.255.250      udp dpt:1900
14       0     0 ufw-user-input  all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
       0.0.0.0/0

Chain ufw-before-logging-forward (1 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination

Chain ufw-before-logging-input (1 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination

Chain ufw-before-logging-output (1 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination

Chain ufw-before-output (1 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination
1     1340  107K ACCEPT     all  --  *      lo      0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0
2     2472  771K ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED
3       97  8448 ufw-user-output  all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
        0.0.0.0/0

Chain ufw-logging-allow (0 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination
1        0     0 LOG        all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            limit: avg 3/min burst 10 LOG flags 0 level 4
prefix "[UFW ALLOW] "

Chain ufw-logging-deny (2 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination
1        0     0 RETURN     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            ctstate INVALID limit: avg 3/min burst 10
2        0     0 LOG        all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            limit: avg 3/min burst 10 LOG flags 0 level 4
prefix "[UFW BLOCK] "

Chain ufw-not-local (1 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination
1        0     0 RETURN     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            ADDRTYPE match dst-type LOCAL
2       37  4877 RETURN     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            ADDRTYPE match dst-type MULTICAST
3        0     0 RETURN     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            ADDRTYPE match dst-type BROADCAST
4        0     0 ufw-logging-deny  all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
         0.0.0.0/0            limit: avg 3/min burst 10
5        0     0 DROP       all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0

Chain ufw-reject-forward (1 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination

Chain ufw-reject-input (1 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination

Chain ufw-reject-output (1 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination

Chain ufw-skip-to-policy-forward (0 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination
1        0     0 DROP       all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0

Chain ufw-skip-to-policy-input (7 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination
1        0     0 DROP       all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0

Chain ufw-skip-to-policy-output (0 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination
1        0     0 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0

Chain ufw-track-forward (1 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination

Chain ufw-track-input (1 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination

Chain ufw-track-output (1 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination
1       42  2520 ACCEPT     tcp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            ctstate NEW
2       50  5728 ACCEPT     udp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            ctstate NEW

Chain ufw-user-forward (1 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination

Chain ufw-user-input (1 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination

Chain ufw-user-limit (0 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination
1        0     0 LOG        all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            limit: avg 3/min burst 5 LOG flags 0 level 4
prefix "[UFW LIMIT BLOCK] "
2        0     0 REJECT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0            reject-with icmp-port-unreachable

Chain ufw-user-limit-accept (0 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination
1        0     0 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0
  0.0.0.0/0

Chain ufw-user-logging-forward (0 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination

Chain ufw-user-logging-input (0 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination

Chain ufw-user-logging-output (0 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination

Chain ufw-user-output (1 references)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source
  destination


Thanks Again,

Dominic Ruggiero



On Mon, May 22, 2017 at 10:03 AM, David Sussens <dsussens at gmail.com> wrote:
> Stan, that mechanism is exactly what I have described. This feature has been
> available for quite some time now.
>
> Good luck with your implementation.
>
> David Sussens.
>
> On 22 May 2017 17:14, "Stanford Prescott" <stan.prescott at gmail.com> wrote:
>>
>> Thank you, David. That should be very helpful. I think I got confused by
>> the article I read which I am thinking is a new feature that has been added
>> to suricata which appears to be a way of marking traffic with different
>> marks to return to iptables to process depending on what the mark is.
>> Perhaps like both traffic to be accepted and dropped are returned to
>> iptables to be processed depending on what the mark is?
>>
>> On Mon, May 22, 2017 at 4:26 AM, David Sussens <dsussens at gmail.com> wrote:
>>>
>>> Basically what needs to be done is the following:
>>>
>>> 1. In iptables:
>>>
>>> -A INPUT -m mark ! --mark 1/1 -j NFQUEUE --queue-balance 0:3
>>> --queue-bypass
>>>
>>> You add the rule above.  This rule works as follows:
>>>
>>> Traffic that is does not have a mark/mask of 1/1 is forwarded to suricata
>>> for processing.  Once Suricata is finished processing, the traffic is
>>> reinjected into the INPUT chain but this time the mark 1/1 is set, which
>>> means on the second round the trafffic is not forwarded to suricata and will
>>> skip on to the rules lower down in the INPUT chain.  Remember that traffic
>>> is only reinjected if it was not dropped by Suricata.  Thus, your marking
>>> does not have to be specified in the suricata rules at all and it is
>>> business as usual from that prespective.
>>>
>>> 2.  in suricata.yaml:
>>>
>>> nfq:
>>>   mode: repeat
>>>   repeat-mark: 1
>>>   repeat-mask: 1
>>>   route-queue: 2
>>>   batchcount: 20
>>>   fail-open: no
>>>
>>> You change the nfq mode from accept to repeat this causes packets that
>>> were not rejected by Suricata to be reinjected into the appropriate chain.
>>>
>>> This is how I am using it.  In my case I am doing this to ensure that
>>> traffic is first checked by Suricata, and then goes to the local Apache
>>> Inverse Proxy.
>>>
>>> Hope this helps.
>>>
>>> David Sussens.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> On Sun, May 21, 2017 at 10:04 PM, Stanford Prescott
>>> <stan.prescott at gmail.com> wrote:
>>>>
>>>> I ma trying to integrate Suricata 3.2.1 into our iptables firewall in
>>>> IPS mode. We have have been using Snort in IDS mode but wanted to provide
>>>> more filtering options. I like the possibility of using Suricata in IPS mode
>>>> using nfq in repeat mode to return marked packets to the iptables table that
>>>> sent the packets to Suricata for further processing. Snort doesn't seem to
>>>> do this so we are trying to make the switch to Suricata.
>>>>
>>>> I've been doing a lot of research to figure all of this out. I have read
>>>> this excellent article about nfq and nfq_set_mark.
>>>> https://home.regit.org/tag/suricata/page/4/
>>>>
>>>> To use iptables with mark and mask, the article indicates that the
>>>> "nfq_set_mark" keyword needs to be added to the Suricata rules. How do I
>>>> determine to what rules I add the keyword? Would I just add the keyword to
>>>> every rule that Suricata is using as listed in suricata.yaml? Or is there a
>>>> recommended set of rules to add the keyword? Or are there rule sets
>>>> available that already have the keyword added to the rules?
>>>>
>>>> Is Suricata able to set a mark for packets to be accepted and set a
>>>> different mark for packets that need to be dropped or rejected?
>>>>
>>>> Any other tips and suggestions for getting Suricata working in IPS mode
>>>> working with iptables would be much appreciated.
>>>>
>>>> _______________________________________________
>>>> Suricata IDS Users mailing list: oisf-users at openinfosecfoundation.org
>>>> Site: http://suricata-ids.org | Support:
>>>> http://suricata-ids.org/support/
>>>> List:
>>>> https://lists.openinfosecfoundation.org/mailman/listinfo/oisf-users
>>>>
>>>
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Suricata IDS Users mailing list: oisf-users at openinfosecfoundation.org
>> Site: http://suricata-ids.org | Support: http://suricata-ids.org/support/
>> List: https://lists.openinfosecfoundation.org/mailman/listinfo/oisf-users
>>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Suricata IDS Users mailing list: oisf-users at openinfosecfoundation.org
> Site: http://suricata-ids.org | Support: http://suricata-ids.org/support/
> List: https://lists.openinfosecfoundation.org/mailman/listinfo/oisf-users
>



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